Python ipaddress Module

from ipaddress import ip_address
 
# Create from string
addr = ip_address('192.168.1.1')
print(addr)           # 192.168.1.1
print(addr.version)   # 4
 
# IPv6
addr6 = ip_address('2001:db8::1')
print(addr6.version)  # 6
 
# From integer
addr = ip_address(3232235777)  # 192.168.1.1

from ipaddress import ip_address
 
addr = ip_address('192.168.1.1')
 
print(addr.is_private)      # True
print(addr.is_global)       # False
print(addr.is_loopback)     # False
print(addr.is_multicast)    # False
print(addr.is_reserved)     # False
print(addr.is_link_local)   # False
 
# Loopback
loopback = ip_address('127.0.0.1')
print(loopback.is_loopback)  # True
 
# Public IP
public = ip_address('8.8.8.8')
print(public.is_global)  # True

from ipaddress import ip_network
 
# Create a network
net = ip_network('192.168.1.0/24')
 
print(net.network_address)   # 192.168.1.0
print(net.broadcast_address) # 192.168.1.255
print(net.netmask)          # 255.255.255.0
print(net.hostmask)         # 0.0.0.255
print(net.num_addresses)    # 256
print(net.prefixlen)        # 24

from ipaddress import ip_network
 
net = ip_network('192.168.1.0/28')
 
# All addresses (including network and broadcast)
for addr in net:
    print(addr)
 
# Only usable host addresses
for host in net.hosts():
    print(host)
# 192.168.1.1 through 192.168.1.14

from ipaddress import ip_address, ip_network
 
net = ip_network('10.0.0.0/8')
 
print(ip_address('10.1.2.3') in net)   # True
print(ip_address('192.168.1.1') in net) # False

from ipaddress import ip_interface
 
iface = ip_interface('192.168.1.5/24')
 
print(iface.ip)       # 192.168.1.5
print(iface.network)  # 192.168.1.0/24
print(iface.netmask)  # 255.255.255.0

from ipaddress import ip_network
 
net = ip_network('192.168.0.0/16')
 
# Subnetting
subnets = list(net.subnets(prefixlen_diff=8))
print(subnets)  # 256 /24 networks
 
# Supernetting
net1 = ip_network('192.168.0.0/24')
net2 = ip_network('192.168.1.0/24')
supernet = net1.supernet()
print(supernet)  # 192.168.0.0/23
 
# Overlaps
print(net1.overlaps(net2))  # False
print(net1.overlaps(ip_network('192.168.0.0/25')))  # True

from ipaddress import ip_address
 
addr = ip_address('192.168.1.1')
 
# Increment/decrement
print(addr + 1)   # 192.168.1.2
print(addr + 10)  # 192.168.1.11
print(addr - 1)   # 192.168.1.0
 
# Comparison
print(ip_address('10.0.0.1') < ip_address('10.0.0.2'))  # True

from ipaddress import ip_address, ip_network
 
# IPv6 addresses
addr = ip_address('2001:db8::1')
print(addr.exploded)    # 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
print(addr.compressed)  # 2001:db8::1
 
# IPv6 network
net = ip_network('2001:db8::/32')
print(net.num_addresses)  # 79228162514264337593543950336
 
# IPv4-mapped IPv6
mapped = ip_address('::ffff:192.168.1.1')
print(mapped.ipv4_mapped)  # 192.168.1.1

from ipaddress import ip_address, ip_network
 
def is_valid_ip(s):
    try:
        ip_address(s)
        return True
    except ValueError:
        return False
 
print(is_valid_ip('192.168.1.1'))   # True
print(is_valid_ip('192.168.1.256')) # False
print(is_valid_ip('not an ip'))     # False
 
# Strict network validation
try:
    # This fails: host bits are set
    net = ip_network('192.168.1.5/24')
except ValueError as e:
    print(e)  # '192.168.1.5/24' has host bits set
 
# Allow host bits
net = ip_network('192.168.1.5/24', strict=False)
print(net)  # 192.168.1.0/24

from ipaddress import ip_address, ip_network
 
allowed_networks = [
    ip_network('10.0.0.0/8'),
    ip_network('192.168.0.0/16'),
]
 
def is_allowed(ip_str):
    try:
        addr = ip_address(ip_str)
        return any(addr in net for net in allowed_networks)
    except ValueError:
        return False
 
print(is_allowed('10.1.2.3'))     # True
print(is_allowed('8.8.8.8'))       # False

from ipaddress import ip_network
 
def subnet_info(cidr):
    net = ip_network(cidr, strict=False)
    return {
        'network': str(net.network_address),
        'broadcast': str(net.broadcast_address),
        'netmask': str(net.netmask),
        'hosts': net.num_addresses - 2,
        'range': f"{net[1]} - {net[-2]}"
    }
 
print(subnet_info('192.168.1.0/24'))

from ipaddress import ip_address
 
def ip_range(start, end):
    start = ip_address(start)
    end = ip_address(end)
    while start <= end:
        yield start
        start += 1
 
for ip in ip_range('192.168.1.1', '192.168.1.5'):
    print(ip)